Latex + Vscode Remote containers

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  • 配置 Vscode Remote containers Latex 环境

  • 资料来源:

    https://github.com/nelsond/docker-texlive/blob/master/Dockerfile
    https://github.com/alexpovel/latex-extras-docker/blob/master/Dockerfile#L187

  • 更新

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    2021.05.22 初始
    2021.08.02 更新一点内容

导语

折腾 Latex 环境很长时间,最后还是回到了 Docker + vsc 远程.

虽然配置略坑,但是基本能做到配置一次,全平台运行.

问题

  • linux 下运行文件权限尚未处理
  • 镜像带有 git 但默认未挂载 ssh key,暂时不可用.

前日谭

这里不再详述 Remote containers 的内容了.参考 Create a development container 和 Advanced Container Configuration.

之后有机会再填坑吧…

使用

项目地址 -> docker_texlive

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git clone https://github.com/Jasper-1024/docker_texlive.git

正常在 vsc 打开

镜像

texlive

为了定制化,这里 texlive 镜像需要自编译.参考:

https://github.com/nelsond/docker-texlive/blob/master/Dockerfile
https://github.com/alexpovel/latex-extras-docker/blob/master/Dockerfile#L187

DockerHub

  • 基于 Debian 10
  • texlive 2021
  • 大小在 4.55G
  • 到底还是为了避免缺失选择了 full 安装,因此容量无法控制…
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docker pull jasperhale/texlive:latest

Dockerfile

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FROM debian:10

LABEL authors "jasperhale <[email protected]>"

ENV VERSION=2021

RUN apt-get update && \
  apt-get -y install wget unzip curl ca-certificates git make\
  # perl 依赖
  perl perl-modules \
  # python & 语法高亮
  python3 python3-pygments

RUN wget --no-verbose \
  "https://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/tlnet/install-tl-unx.tar.gz" && \
  tar -xzf install-tl-unx.tar.gz && \
  # 进入texlive
  cd $(find . -type d -name "install-tl-*" | head -n 1) && \
  # 默认安装全部
  echo "selected_scheme scheme-full" > profile && \
  # 安装
  ./install-tl -profile profile && \
  cd .. &&\
  rm -rf install-tl-*

RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install --yes --no-install-recommends \
      # to fix "error while loading shared libraries: libfontconfig.so.1"
      libfontconfig \
      # YAML::Tiny:
      libyaml-tiny-perl \
      # File::HomeDir:
      libfile-homedir-perl \
      # Unicode:GCString:
      libunicode-linebreak-perl \
      # Log::Log4perl:
      liblog-log4perl-perl \
      # Log::Dispatch:
      liblog-dispatch-perl \
      # Get `envsubst` to replace environment variables in files with their actual values.
      gettext-base \
      # headless, 25% of normal size:
      default-jre-headless \
      # No headless inkscape available currently:
      inkscape \
      # nox (no X Window System): CLI version, 10% of normal size:
      gnuplot-nox \
      # For various conversion tasks, e.g. EPS -> PDF (for legacy support):
      ghostscript \
      # librsvg2 for 'rsvg-convert' used by pandoc to convert SVGs when embedding into PDF
      librsvg2-bin \
      #pandoc layer; not required for LaTeX compilation, but useful for document conversions
      pandoc

ENV PATH="/usr/local/texlive/${VERSION}/bin/x86_64-linux:${PATH}"

CMD ["/bin/sh"]

# RUN pdflatex --version

自行编译要 2 个多小时,主要瓶颈是安装 texlive 的网络问题.即使托管到 Github Action 也需要 1.5 小时.

其他

还可以使用 texlive 官方镜像 texlive/texlive

  • 每周更新
  • latest 是 4.51 G

寻求更小镜像,可以尝试 alexpovel/latex

  • 只有 1.5G
  • 近乎 full.

Remote containers 配置

主要是 devcontainer.json

devcontainer.json 是配置 vsc 启动连接容器,安装插件,修改配置等.

为了方便修改容器,devcontainer.json 中使用 docker-compose 启动容器.

devcontainer.json

现有的配置寻求极简,更多复杂高级的功能尚未添加.

主要注释已经添加.

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{
    "name": "Latex",
    "dockerComposeFile": [
        "docker-compose.yml"
    ],
    "service": "texlive", //与 docker-compose 一致
    "workspaceFolder": "/root/work", //工作目录
    "extensions": [ //安装的拓展
        "james-yu.latex-workshop"
    ],
    "settings": {
        "terminal.integrated.shell.linux": "/bin/bash",
        "latex-workshop.editor.formatOnSave": true,//保存时自动格式化
        "latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab", //内部标签页打开
        "latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never", // 不自动编译
        "latex-workshop.intellisense.package.enabled": true, //自动完成
        "latex-workshop.showContextMenu": true, //右键菜单
        "editor.wordWrap": "on", // 自动换行
        "latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [
            {
                "name": "latexmk",
                "tools": [
                    "latexmk"
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "xelate×2",
                "tools": [
                    "xelatex",
                    "xelatex"
                ]
            },
            {
                "name": "xelatex ➞ bibtex ➞ xelatex`×2",
                "tools": [
                    "xelatex",
                    "bibtex",
                    "xelatex",
                    "xelatex"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "latex-workshop.latex.tools": [
            {
                "name": "latexmk",
                "command": "latexmk",
                "args": [
                    "-synctex=1",
                    "-interaction=nonstopmode",
                    "-file-line-error",
                    "-xelatex",
                    "-outdir=%OUTDIR%",
                    "%DOCFILE%" //相对路径
                ],
                "env": {}
            },
            {
                "name": "xelatex",
                "command": "xelatex",
                "args": [
                    "-synctex=1",
                    "-interaction=nonstopmode",
                    "-file-line-error",
                    "%DOCFILE%"
                ],
                "env": {}
            },
            {
                "name": "bibtex", //参考文献
                "command": "bibtex",
                "args": [
                    "%DOCFILE%"
                ],
                "env": {}
            }
        ],
        "latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [ //设定清理文件的类型  
            "*.aux",
            "*.bbl",
            "*.blg",
            "*.idx",
            "*.ind",
            "*.lof",
            "*.lot",
            "*.out",
            "*.toc",
            "*.acn",
            "*.acr",
            "*.alg",
            "*.glg",
            "*.glo",
            "*.gls",
            "*.ist",
            "*.fls",
            "*.log",
            "*.fdb_latexmk",
            "*.nav",
            "*.snm",
            //"*.synctex.gz"  //避免双向搜索失效
        ]
    }
}

settings 部分是容器环境下 vsc 的设置.

  • 优先级高于用户/工作区已有设置.
  • 这部分和 Vscode + Latex 环境踩坑#配置 保持一致.

docker-compose

docker-compose 负责启动配置容器

  • 挂载工作目录,linux 下还有额外的文件权限处理.
  • 特别注意, command: /bin/sh -c "while sleep 1000; do :; done" 避免容器默认命令执行失败/完毕导致容器退出.
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version: "3.7"
services:
  texlive:
    # build: ./
    image: jasperhale/texlive:latest
    volumes:
      - ../:/root/work
    # 避免容器退出
    command: /bin/sh -c "while sleep 1000; do :; done"

相关文献

texlive 安装命令

TeX Live - Quick install